Files

Abstract

The Silencing Mediator of Retinoid and Thyroid Hormone Receptors (SMRT) is a nuclear corepressor that regulates the transcriptional activity of many transcription factors critical for metabolic processes. While the importance of the role of SMRT in the adipocyte has been well-established, prior mouse models have yielded contradictory phenotypes, limiting our understanding of its in vivo function in the context of homeostatic maintenance. Multiple such generalized knockout models suggest that SMRT deficiency leads to increased adiposity, though the effects of SMRT loss on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have been variable. We therefore generated an adipocyte-specific SMRT knockout (adSMRT-/-) mouse to more clearly define SMRT’s metabolic contributions. In doing so, we found that SMRT deletion in the adipocyte does not, in fact, lead to obesity – even when mice are challenged with a high-fat diet. This suggests that adiposity phenotypes of previously described generalized knockout models were due to effects of SMRT loss beyond the adipocyte. However, an adipocyte-specific SMRT deficiency still led to dramatic effects on systemic glucose tolerance and adipocyte insulin sensitivity, impairing both. This metabolically deleterious outcome was coupled with a surprising immune phenotype, wherein most genes differentially expressed in the adipose tissue of adSMRT-/- mice were upregulated in pro-inflammatory pathways. Flow cytometry and conditioned media experiments demonstrated that secreted factors from knockout adipose tissue strongly informed resident macrophages to develop a pro-inflammatory, MMe (metabolically activated) phenotype. Taken together, these studies suggest a novel role for SMRT as an integrator of metabolic and inflammatory signals to maintain proper physiological homeostasis.

Details

Actions

PDF

from
to
Export
Download Full History