In many experiment-driven scientific domains, such as high-energy physics, material science, and cosmology, high data rate experiments impose hard constraints on data acquisition systems: collected data must either be indiscriminately stored for post-processing and analysis, thereby necessitating large storage capacity, or accurately filtered in real-time, thereby necessitating low-latency processing. Deep neural networks, effective in other filtering tasks, have not been widely employed in such data acquisition systems, due to design and deployment difficulties. We present an open source, lightweight, compiler framework, without any proprietary dependencies, BraggHLS, based on high-level synthesis techniques, for translating high-level representations of deep neural networks to low-level representations, suitable for deployment to near-sensor devices such as field-programmable gate arrays. We evaluate BraggHLS on various workloads and present a case-study implementation of a deep neural network for Bragg peak detection in the context of high-energy diffraction microscopy. We show BraggHLS is able to produce an implementation of the network with a throughput of 4.8 µs/sample, which is approximately a 4 × improvement over the existing implementation.