The slogan “Nothing About Us Without Us,” captures one of the core tenets of disability movements: the right to engage in self-advocacy. Yet for deaf signing people in Việt Nam (and most elsewhere), having a “voice” to engage in self-advocacy requires the use of sign language interpreters. In other words, the very recognition of deaf people can rest in the voice of an interpreter. At the same time, interpreters depend on deaf activists to advocate for the growth of interpreting as it is not recognized as a profession by the Vietnamese state. Given these circumstances, deaf people and interpreters in Hà Nội find themselves in a state of interdependence. While interdependence is often used rhetorically, or discussed as an approach to achieving disability justice, it is rarely studied in practice. Drawing on ten months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2018-2019, as well as a decade-long engagement with deaf people and interpreters in Hà Nội, this dissertation examines how interdependence is conceived of and enacted between deaf people and interpreters in Hà Nội, Việt Nam. I argue that deaf people and interpreters in Hà Nội, Việt Nam are in a state of precarious interdependence. Precarious interdependence is the idea that precarity does not end at the bounds of the individual, but rather seeps through to those who they are in relationship with, changing forms and creating new types of precarity as it goes. Precarious interdependence is a way to look side by side both at the forms of vulnerability deaf people face, and the forms of vulnerability interpreters experience through their relationship with deaf people, without reducing one into the other. This dissertation traces three forms of precarity at play in the relationship between deaf people and interpreters: precarious belonging, precarious livelihoods and precarious voice. I start by examining what motivates hearing people with no prior relationship to the deaf community to become interpreters and enter interdependent relationships with deaf people. I argue that for young hearing women, learning Hà Nội Sign Language and becoming an interpreter provides them with a sense of belonging that entices them both to join, and to stay connected to the deaf community despite difficulties. I then examine how in the absence of state funding for interpreting, both deaf people and interpreters experience financial precarity, and interpreters must grapple with tensions between the moral and financial economies of HNSL interpreters, and the violence of charging deaf people for interpreting. Finally, I examine the ways deaf people and interpreters attempt to advocate for the development of sign language interpreting as a profession. I examine how in order to navigate ideologies of voice that discount sign language as a medium for subjectivity, interpreters are called upon to diminish signs of their own subjectivity. Moreover, I examine how norms of self-advocacy, which are based on models of independent rather than interdependent voicing, preclude interpreters from directly engaging in advocacy work. This ironically increases interpreters’ dependence on deaf people, and their desire to shape deaf peoples’ speeches, reproducing the very dynamics self-advocacy seeks to avoid. In examining these issues, this dissertation offers both theoretical insights into the nature of voicing and interdependence, while also raising practical questions about how to restructure norms of self-advocacy in ways that empower both deaf people and interpreters.