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Abstract

Losing 25 square miles of land each year, Louisiana’s southern coast is one of many regions facing the destructive impacts of the ongoing climate crisis. The residents of the Isle de Jean Charles – most of whom are members of the Band of Biloxi-Chitimacha-Choctaw Indians and United Houma Nation – live in this region, on an island that has lost over 98% of its land in the past 60 years due to rising sea levels, increasingly severe storms, and impacts of oil development. In response to the unsustainable future of the Isle de Jean Charles, the state of Louisiana’s Oce of Community Development was awarded $48.3 million by U.S Housing and Urban Development in 2016 to implement the Resettlement of the Isle de Jean Charles – the United States’ rst federally-funded, climate-driven planned relocation. By placing the Resettlement of the Isle de Jean Charles in the context of existing literature, using community meetings and IDJC community census surveys for insight into the resident perception of relocation eorts, and newspaper article analysis for public/media portrayals of the resettlement, a complete narrative of the island, its residents, and relocation is crafted. This paper explores the implementation of this resettlement project by categorizing ndings into eight deconstructed components of displacement outlined in Michael Cernea’s model of displacement and resettlement (landlessness, joblessness, homelessness, marginalization, food insecurity, increased morbidity, loss of access to common property resources, and community disarticulation) and assesses how this federally-funded climate-driven resettlement addresses each of these risks and their respective risk-mitigation strategies. Although complete resettlement is still underway, I argue that goals towards a structured, scalable, and just resettlement from the Isle de Jean Charles are being hindered by skepticism regarding government intervention by Native American residents, the pace of progress/failure to align with promised timelines, failure to achieve tribal consultation, and the irreplicability of cultural attachment to place during relocation. The successes and limitations identied in this case study of climate-induced resettlement implementation prove the need to consider risk mitigation strategies against marginalization, loss of access to common property resources, community disarticulation, and legacies of distrust due to historical wrongdoings while completing the Resettlement of Isle de Jean Charles and facing an inevitable future of climate-driven displacement and relocation.

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