The paper comprehensively evaluated “Medicare for All,” a national health care reform proposal in the United States. The essential aim of is to provide a universal and affordable health care as well as improve overall health outcomes for all Americans. Within the present problematic health care system, a large portion of population is either uninsured or underinsured, and as a result, they are not able to access adequate medical treatment due to disproportionate high costs. As a single-payer system, “Medicare for All” has great potential to effectively control down medical expenditures and administration costs. Concerns regarding negative impact on pharmaceutical innovation and moral hazard have been raised in opposition to “Medicare for All,” but evidence demonstrated that innovation level will remain unchanged and by strengthening gatekeeper system, moral hazard issues would be minimized.