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Abstract

Building on research that highlights how elite actors have progressively constructed abortion as a polarized moral issue (Cassese et al., 2025; Ziegler, 2020), this study examines abortion attitudes through the lens of a social constructionist theory (Berger and Luckmann, 1966). It analyzes how polarization and social construction surrounding abortion materialize within bottom-up digital dis- course, and it evaluates the effectiveness of computational methods in capturing these patterns. While previous work has examined the presence of factors like elite polarization and social construc- tion on abortion attitudes, fewer have investigated how these dynamics manifest in digital spaces. This work offers insight into the digital reproduction of ideological structures and the potential and limitations of computational approaches for studying social construction processes. Using a dataset of Reddit comments comprising 2.5 million comments, later refined to a subset of 27,451, this study applies dictionary-based keyword classification and Support Vector Classifi- cation to classify the comments into abortion attitudinal stances (‘Pro-Choice’, ‘Pro-Life’ and ‘No Stance/Neutral’) followed by topic modeling (BERTTopic) to analyze large-scale digital text. Results show that, when informed by domain knowledge and iterative qualitative refinements, computational models can assist in identifying theoretical constructs such as polarization and so- cial meaning-making within digital discourse. Additionally, findings show that Pro-Life discourse has a more rigid, elite-driven structure, evidenced through the tight semantic structure and dis- proportionate topic distribution, with many of the dominant themes closely identifying with elite narratives outlined in previous research. Conversely, Pro-Choice discourse is much more decentral- ized, suggesting that the Pro-Life ideology has been carefully socially constructed over the past century.

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