A primary goal of consumer financial decision making research is to better understand how consumers manage their spending, savings and debts. In this dissertation, I build on this research by studying how consumers manage their credit cards. In two essays, I uncover new effects of constrained memory and attention, heuristics, and goal pursuit on consumer credit card management. Moreover, I differentiate between competing theories in the literature and offer alternative explanations for well-known findings. Essay 1 focuses on difficulties with keeping track of credit card debt, and how these difficulties can influence downstream spending decisions. I find that consumers are significantly more likely to remember the leftmost digit of their balances compared to right digits (i.e., a left-digit bias). These systematic recall errors cause biased debt estimates when previously observed balances are near round numbers. As a result, two cardholders with the same amount of debt may be differentially likely to spend—and sometimes overspend—depending on whether the most recent balance they observed was under or over a round number. Essay 2 focuses on the repayment side by examining how consumers determine exactly how much to repay each month. In line with prior research, I find that focal payment options on credit card statements capture attention and affect payments. However, in contrast to prior research, I find that these values may be better characterized as targets or reference points. Together, these two essays provide new insights into consumer financial decision making in the context of credit card management.