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Abstract

Since the recognition of the People’s Republic of China as the legitimate government of China, the Republic of China has struggled to maintain its international political recognition. This has decreased rapidly, with Costa Rica in 2007, El Salvador in 2018, and most recently Honduras in 2023 ceasing recognition of Taiwan and now recognizing China instead, while Guatemala continues to do so. Latin America has become an area of greater competition for the US and China. The political recognition of Taiwan has become another point of competition, and the Taiwanese must also compete in the region. Latin American states have begun to receive more significant amounts of foreign direct investment and infrastructure development projects and increase their trade networks. Creating economic ties with China now precedes Taiwan's recognition by many Latin American states. Latin America, long seen as the sphere of influence of the United States, has opened its markets to Beijing, with China now being the region's largest trading partner, creating a shift in regional politics. Understanding why these specific countries in Latin America have stopped their long-time recognition of Taiwan in favor of China will allow us to see where Taiwan is positioned internationally and what it has to do and continues to do to maintain the countries that still recognize it interested in continuing to do so. For Latin America, this competition for recognition and increased economic involvement by China and the competition it creates puts Latin America at a geopolitical center in the rising tensions between the US, Taiwan, and China.

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