Security alliances have shown an interest in achieving interoperability of forces and operational transparency of actions through episodic joint military exercises. Through a newly identified theory of alliance surveillance cooperation, this work will seek to define a new domain regarding the establishment of continuous interoperability and operational transparency. Through multiple case study analyses, this will highlight what continuity of surveillance cooperation can provide to security alliances. This work will contribute to the literature on alliances and intelligence partnerships and literature on joint military exercises, arguing that continuous interoperability and operational transparency identify new spheres of thinking about how security alliances should train to fight.