In recent years, despite the strained China-U.S. relationship, we can still observe a growing Chinese immigrant population in the United States. According to the Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, the number of Chinese immigrants admitted to the United States is about fifty thousand in 2021 (OHSS, 2021). In 2022, there is about an eighteen thousand increase in the number of Chinese immigrants admitted to the United States (OHSS, 2022). Many of them change their nationality to American through naturalization, but some maintain their Chinese citizenship. Drawing on thirteen in-depth interviews with first generation Chinese immigrants living in the United States, this study focuses on investigating why some Chinese immigrants naturalize and others do not. More specifically, the study investigates how Chinese immigrants' views on citizenship and their self-identity influence and shape their naturalization decisions. Finally, the study also reveals how the lack of dual citizenship tolerance from home country functions as another factor that influences Chinese immigrants’ naturalization decisions, which sets them apart from immigrants from other countries.