Two dimensional B1-gradient NMR imager

A two dimensional B1-gradient NMR imager and methods for non-invasive spectroscopic investigations and imaging of the internal distribution and speciation of materials of fluid, solid, and semisolid objects in two spatial dimensions utilizing a toroid cavity detector. An RF signal transmitter/receiver generates a magnetic field B1 within the toroid cavity and receives a sample response to the magnetic fields B0 and B1. A pivot angle position controller adjusts a pivot angle position of the toroid cavity and enclosed sample to vary an angle between the magnetic field B0 and the central axis of said toroid cavity. A positional rotation controller positions the toroid cavity and enclosed sample at variable angular orientations relative to an initial position and a plane formed by the externally applied static main magnetic field B0 and the central axis of the toroid cavity. A computer sequentially receives and processes sample responses to produce a two-dimensional image.