@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {9991},
      author = {Tirumuru, Nagaraja and Zhao, Boxuan Simen and Lu, Wuxun  and Lu, Zhike and He, Chuan and Wu, Li},
      title = {&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;N&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;-methyladenosine  of HIV-1 RNA regulates viral infection and HIV-1 Gag  protein expression},
      journal = {eLife},
      address = {2016-07-02},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {The internal &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;-methyladenosine  (m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A) methylation of eukaryotic nuclear RNA  controls post-transcriptional gene expression, which is  regulated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases  (erasers), and m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A-binding proteins (readers) in  cells. The YTH domain family proteins (YTHDF1-3) bind to  m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A-modified cellular RNAs and affect RNA  metabolism and processing. Here, we show that YTHDF1-3  proteins recognize m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A-modified HIV-1 RNA and  inhibit HIV-1 infection in cell lines and primary  CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cells. We further mapped the YTHDF1-3  binding sites in HIV-1 RNA from infected cells. We found  that the overexpression of YTHDF proteins in cells  inhibited HIV-1 infection mainly by decreasing HIV-1  reverse transcription, while knockdown of YTHDF1-3 in cells  had the opposite effects. Moreover, silencing the  m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A writers decreased HIV-1 Gag protein  expression in virus-producing cells, while silencing the  m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A erasers increased Gag expression. Our  findings suggest an important role of m&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;A  modification of HIV-1 RNA in viral infection and HIV-1  protein synthesis.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/9991},
}