@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {9564},
      author = {Fan, Xiaobing and Macleod, Kay and Mustafi, Devkumar and  Conzen, Suzanne D. and Markiewicz, Erica and Zamora, Marta  and Vosicky, James and Mueller, Jeffrey and Karczmar,  Gregory S.},
      title = {Correlation of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>Ex  Vivo</i> ADC and T2 of <i>In Situ</i> and  Invasive Murine Mammary Cancers},
      journal = {PLOS ONE},
      address = {2015-07-24},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {Ex vivo MRI may aid in the evaluation of surgical  specimens, and provide valuable information regarding the  micro-anatomy of mammary/breast cancer. The use of ex vivo  MRI to study mouse mammary cancer would be enhanced if  there is a strong correlation between parameters derived  from in vivo and ex vivo scans. Here, we report the  correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)  and T<sub>2</sub> values measured in vivo and ex vivo in  mouse mammary glands with in situ cancers (mammary  intraepithelial neoplasia (MIN)) and invasive cancers  (those which spread outside the ducts into surrounding  tissue). MRI experiments were performed on the Polyoma  middle T oncoprotein breast cancer mouse model (n = 15) in  a 9.4T scanner. For in vivo experiments,  T<sub>2</sub>-weighted (T2W) images were acquired to  identify abnormal regions, then ADC and T<sub>2</sub>  values were measured for nine selected slices. For ex vivo  experiments, a midline incision was made along the spine,  and then skin, glands, and tumors were gently peeled from  the body. Tissue was fixed in formalin, placed around a  mouse-sized sponge, and sutured together mimicking the  geometry of the gland when attached to the mouse. The same  pulse sequences used for in vivo experiments were repeated  for ex vivo scans at room temperature. Regions of interest  were manually traced on T2W images defining features that  could be identified on in vivo and ex vivo images. The  results demonstrate a strong positive correlations between  in vivo and ex vivo invasive cancers for ADC (r = 0.89, p  <0.0001) and T2 (r = 0.89, p <0.0001) values; and weak to  moderate positive correlations between in vivo and ex vivo  in situ cancers for ADC (r = 0.61, p <0.0001) and  T<sub>2</sub> (r = 0.79, p <0.0001) values. The average ex  vivo ADC value was about 54% of the in vivo value; and the  average ex vivo T<sub>2</sub> was similar to the in vivo  value for cancers. Although motion, fixation, and  temperature differences affect ADC and T<sub>2</sub>, these  results show a reliable relationship between ADC and  T<sub>2</sub> in vivo and ex vivo. As a result ex vivo  images can provide valuable information with clinical and  research applications.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/9564},
}