@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {8418},
      author = {Dalet, Antoine and Bonsacquet, Jérémie and Gaboyard-Niay,  Hozefa S. and Calin-Jageman, Irina and Chidavaenzi,  Robstein L. and Venteo, Stephanie and Desmadryl, Gilles and  Goldberg, Jay M. and Lysakowski, Anna and Chabbert,  Christian},
      title = {Glutamate Transporters EAAT4 and EAAT5 Are Expressed in  Vestibular Hair Cells and Calyx Endings},
      journal = {PLOS ONE},
      address = {2012-09-25},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {<p>Glutamate is the neurotransmitter released from hair  cells. Its clearance from the synaptic cleft can shape  neurotransmission and prevent excitotoxicity. This may be  particularly important in the inner ear and in other  sensory organs where there is a continually high rate of  neurotransmitter release. In the case of most cochlear and  type II vestibular hair cells, clearance involves the  diffusion of glutamate to supporting cells, where it is  taken up by EAAT1 (GLAST), a glutamate transporter. A  similar mechanism cannot work in vestibular type I hair  cells as the presence of calyx endings separates supporting  cells from hair-cell synapses. Because of this arrangement,  it has been conjectured that a glutamate transporter must  be present in the type I hair cell, the calyx ending, or  both. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we  demonstrate that a glutamate-activated anion current,  attributable to a high-affinity glutamate transporter and  blocked by DL-TBOA, is expressed in type I, but not in type  II hair cells. Molecular investigations reveal that EAAT4  and EAAT5, two glutamate transporters that could underlie  the anion current, are expressed in both type I and type II  hair cells and in calyx endings. EAAT4 has been thought to  be expressed almost exclusively in the cerebellum and EAAT5  in the retina. Our results show that these two transporters  have a wider distribution in mice. This is the first  demonstration of the presence of transporters in hair cells  and provides one of the few examples of EAATs in  presynaptic elements.</p>},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/8418},
}