@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {6828},
      author = {Zu, Jian and Wang, Jinliang and Huang, Gang},
      title = {Evolutionary Diversification of Prey and Predator Species  Facilitated by Asymmetric Interactions},
      journal = {PLOS ONE},
      address = {2016-09-29},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {We investigate the influence of asymmetric interactions on  coevolutionary dynamics of a predator-prey system by using  the theory of adaptive dynamics. We assume that the defense  ability of prey and the attack ability of predators all can  adaptively evolve, either caused by phenotypic plasticity  or by behavioral choice, but there are certain costs in  terms of their growth rate or death rate. The  coevolutionary model is constructed from a deterministic  approximation of random mutation-selection process. To sum  up, if prey’s trade-off curve is globally weakly concave,  then five outcomes of coevolution are demonstrated, which  depend on the intensity and shape of asymmetric  predator-prey interactions and predator’s trade-off shape.  Firstly, we find that if there is a weakly decelerating  cost and a weakly accelerating benefit for predator  species, then evolutionary branching in the predator  species may occur, but after branching further coevolution  may lead to extinction of the predator species with a  larger trait value. However, if there is a weakly  accelerating cost and a weakly accelerating benefit for  predator species, then evolutionary branching in the  predator species is also possible and after branching the  dimorphic predator can evolutionarily stably coexist with a  monomorphic prey species. Secondly, if the asymmetric  interactions become a little strong, then prey and  predators will evolve to an evolutionarily stable  equilibrium, at which they can stably coexist on a  long-term timescale of evolution. Thirdly, if there is a  weakly accelerating cost and a relatively strongly  accelerating benefit for prey species, then evolutionary  branching in the prey species is possible and the finally  coevolutionary outcome contains a dimorphic prey and a  monomorphic predator species. Fourthly, if the asymmetric  interactions become more stronger, then predator-prey  coevolution may lead to cycles in both traits and  equilibrium population densities. The Red Queen dynamic is  a possible outcome under asymmetric predator-prey  interactions.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/6828},
}