@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {5977},
      author = {Aghion, Philippe and Akcigit, Ufuk and Hyytinen, Ari and  Toivanen, Otto},
      title = {2022 Klein Lecture Parental Education and Invention: The  Finnish Enigma},
      journal = {International Economic Review},
      address = {2023-02-16},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {Why is invention strongly positively correlated with  parental income not only in the United States but also in  Finland, which displays low income inequality and high  social mobility? Using data on 1.45 M Finnish individuals  and their parents, we find the following: (i) the positive  association between parental income and off-spring  probability of inventing is greatly reduced when  controlling for parental education; (ii) instrumenting for  the parents having an MSc degree using distance to nearest  university reveals a large causal effect of parental  education on offspring probability of inventing; and (iii)  the causal effect of parental education has been markedly  weakened by the introduction in the early 1970s of a  comprehensive schooling reform.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/5977},
}