@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {5545},
      author = {Journaux, Baptiste and Pakhomova, Anna and Collings, Ines  E. and Petitgirard, Sylvain and Ballaran, Tiziana Boffa and  Brown, J. Michael and Vance, Steven D. and Chariton, Stella  and Prakapenka, Vitali B. and Huang, Dongyang and Ott,  Jason and Glazyrin, Konstantin and Garbarino, Gaston and  Comboni, Davide and Hanfland, Michael},
      title = {On the identification of hyperhydrated sodium chloride  hydrates, stable at icy moon conditions},
      journal = {PNAS},
      address = {2023-02-21},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {Sodium chloride is expected to be found on many of the  surfaces of icy moons like Europa and Ganymede. However,  spectral identification remains elusive as the known  NaCl-bearing phases cannot match current observations,  which require higher number of water of hydration. Working  at relevant conditions for icy worlds, we report the  characterization of three “hyperhydrated” sodium chloride  (SC) hydrates, and refined two crystal structures  [2NaCl·17H<sub>2</sub>O (SC8.5); NaCl·13H<sub>2</sub>O  (SC13)]. We found that the dissociation of Na+ and Cl− ions  within these crystal lattices allows for the high  incorporation of water molecules and thus explain their  hyperhydration. This finding suggests that a great  diversity of hyperhydrated crystalline phases of common  salts might be found at similar conditions. Thermodynamic  constraints indicate that SC8.5 is stable at room pressure  below 235 K, and it could be the most abundant NaCl hydrate  on icy moon surfaces like Europa, Titan, Ganymede,  Callisto, Enceladus, or Ceres. The finding of these  hyperhydrated structures represents a major update to the  H<sub>2</sub>O–NaCl phase diagram. These hyperhydrated  structures provide an explanation for the mismatch between  the remote observations of the surface of Europa and  Ganymede and previously available data on NaCl solids. It  also underlines the urgent need for mineralogical  exploration and spectral data on hyperhydrates at relevant  conditions to help future icy world exploration by space  missions.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/5545},
}