@article{THESIS,
      recid = {3233},
      author = {Richards, Grace},
      title = {Reevaluating Lebensraum: Friedrich Ratzel, Darwinism, and  the Argument for Imperialist Continuity, 1871-1945},
      publisher = {University of Chicago},
      school = {M.A.},
      address = {2021-08},
      number = {THESIS},
      abstract = {German geographer Friedrich Ratzel is best remembered  today as the originator of the concept Lebensraum, which  became the basis of National Socialist demands for “living  space” in Eastern Europe during the Second World War.  Historians have described Ratzel’s Lebensraum as a  Darwinian concept influenced by his support of settler  colonialism, and some have emphasized the continuity of the  term in the search for the Wilhelmine roots of Nazi  imperialism. Much of the secondary literature on Ratzel,  however, demonstrates fundamental misunderstandings of his  influences. Ratzel’s work was neither Darwinian nor an  obvious antecedent to Nazi ideology, and the story of  Lebensraum ultimately illustrates the critical rupture of  the First World War rather than longstanding continuity in  German imperialist ideology.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/3233},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.6082/uchicago.3233},
}