@article{RDM,
      recid = {2925},
      author = {Shaw, Tiffany},
      title = {When and where do Radiative–Convective and  Radiative–Advective Equilibrium regimes occur on modern  Earth?},
      address = {2021-06-03},
      number = {RDM},
      abstract = {Energy balance and lapse rate regimes qualitatively  characterize the low, mid, and high latitudes of Earth’s  modern climate. Currently we do not have a complete  quantitative understanding of the spatio-temporal structure  of energy balance regimes (e.g., Radiative Convective  Equilibrium or RCE, and Radiative Advective Equilibrium or  RAE) and their connection to lapse rate regimes. Here we  use the vertically-integrated moist static energy budget to  define a nondimensional number that quantifies when and  where RCE and RAE are approximately satisfied in Earth’s  modern climate. We find RCE exists yearround in the tropics  and in the Northern midlatitudes during summertime. RAE  exists yearround over Antarctica and in the Arctic with the  exception of early summer. We show that the lapse rates in  RCE and RAE regimes in reanalyses and CMIP5 models are  broadly consistent with moist adiabatic and surface  inversion lapse rates, respectively. We use idealized  models (energy balance and aquaplanet models) to test the  following hypotheses: 1) the RCE regime occurs during  midlatitude summer for land-like (small heat capacity)  surface conditions and 2) sea ice is necessary for the  existence of the RAE regime over a polar ocean, such as the  Arctic. Consistent with the first hypothesis, an aquaplanet  model configured with a shallow mixed layer depth  transitions to RCE in the midlatitudes during summertime  whereas it does not for a deep mixed layer depth.  Furthermore, we confirm the second hypothesis using  mechanism-denial aquaplanet experiments with and without  thermodynamic sea ice},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/2925},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.6082/uchicago.2925},
}