@article{(757–838/1356–1435)::2072,
      recid = {2072},
      author = {Kaya, Mustafa Ismail},
      title = {Zayn al-Dīn al-Khwāfī (757–838/1356–1435): The Life and  Work of a Ṭarīqa-founding Sufi},
      publisher = {University of Chicago},
      school = {Ph.D.},
      address = {2019-12},
      pages = {322},
      abstract = {This dissertation is a study of the life and work of Zayn  al-Dīn al-Khwāfī (d. 838/1435), a Suhrawardī Sufi of Herat  active during the late fourteenth and early fifteenth  centuries. Besides providing a first detailed biography of  Khwāfī, the current study subjects his life to a number of  analyses from the perspectives, respectively, of the  development of the Suhrawardī and Kubrawī lineages  (silsila) and brotherhoods (ṭarīqa); the expansion of  Khwāfī’s network into the Mamlūk and Ottoman lands; the  role of social and political circumstances in the evolution  of Sufi communities; issues of controversy, divergence and  differentiation among Sufi groups; and, finally, Khwāfī’s  contribution to Sufism and religious traditions, in his  time and beyond.

The research is based on an array of  contemporary sources, ranging from hagiographical sources,  Khwāfī’s own works, and independent chronicles, in Persian,  Arabic, Turkish and Chaghatai to a limited number of modern  studies, the criticism of which is a main concern of this  dissertation.

The body of the dissertation, aside from the  introduction and conclusion, consists of eight chapters,  divided into two parts. Part I considers Zayn al-Dīn  Khwāfī’s biography in five chapters, starting from his  early formation in Herat until his return there at the end  of his life. In these chapters, I examine his sources of  influence, his spiritual lineage, the networks among  religious and political notables, and the community he  built.

Part II examines Khwāfī’s path in a broader manner  and is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is  devoted to the study of the spread of his path to Ottoman  Anatolia and is, in fact, an extension of Chapter IV. The  next two chapters deal with Khwāfī’s works and thought.  Some of the important questions dealt with here are related  to the spiritual handshake, dream interpretation, Sufi  worship, and perspectives on Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ʿArabī (d.  638/1240).},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/2072},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.6082/uchicago.2072},
}