@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {12911},
      author = {Knight, Hannah Riley and Ketter, Ellen and Ung, Trevor and  Weiss, Adam and Ajit, Jainu and Chen, Qing and Shen,  Jingjing and Ip, Ka Man and Chiang, Chun-yi and  Barreiro,  Luis and Esser-Kahn, Aaron},
      title = {High-throughput screen identifies non inflammatory small  molecule inducers of trained immunity},
      journal = {PNAS},
      address = {2024-07-08},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {Trained immunity is characterized by epigenetic and  metabolic reprogramming in response to specific stimuli.  This rewiring can result in increased cytokine and effector  responses to pathogenic challenges, providing nonspecific  protection against disease. It may also improve immune  responses to established immunotherapeutics and vaccines.  Despite its promise for next-generation therapeutic design,  most current understanding and experimentation is conducted  with complex and heterogeneous biologically derived  molecules, such as β-glucan or the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin  (BCG) vaccine. This limited collection of training  compounds also limits the study of the genes most involved  in training responses as each molecule has both training  and nontraining effects. Small molecules with tunable  pharmacokinetics and delivery modalities would both assist  in the study of trained immunity and its future  applications. To identify small molecule inducers of  trained immunity, we screened a library of 2,000 drugs and  drug-like compounds. Identification of well-defined  compounds can improve our understanding of innate immune  memory and broaden the scope of its clinical applications.  We identified over two dozen small molecules in several  chemical classes that induce a training phenotype in the  absence of initial immune activation—a current limitation  of reported inducers of training. A surprising result was  the identification of glucocorticoids, traditionally  considered immunosuppressive, providing an unprecedented  link between glucocorticoids and trained innate immunity.  We chose seven of these top candidates to characterize and  establish training activity in vivo. In this work, we  expand the number of compounds known to induce trained  immunity, creating alternative avenues for studying and  applying innate immune training.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/12911},
}