@article{THESIS,
      recid = {11803},
      author = {Wang, Yuzhou},
      title = {Exploring the Relationship Between Online and Offline  Sinophobia Amid COVID-19},
      publisher = {University of Chicago},
      school = {M.A.},
      address = {2024-06},
      number = {THESIS},
      abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified global Sinophobia,  leading to escalated verbal and physical assaults on the  Chinese diaspora (Cabral, 2021; Reja, 2021; Salcedo, 2021;  Than, 2021). Existing research indicates that online  rhetoric, especially from prominent figures, can incite  real-world racial animosity and aggression (Chan et al.,  2016; Huang et al., 2022; Williams et al., 2020). This  study first explores the overarching themes of online  discourse centering on the COVID-19 news report in the  United States, then focuses on the specific narratives that  address China and the Chinese community to understand how  Sinophobia is manifested and associated with the pandemic.  Afterward, it delves into the temporal relationship between  online Sinophobic sentiment and offline anti-Asian  violence, accounting for the spill-over effect from  targeted anti-Chinese antipathy to a broader anti-Asian  hostility. Online Sinophobia is measured by comments under  YouTube news videos about COVID-19 and Google searches for  Sinophobic terms; offline Sinophobia is calculated by FBI  hate crime statistics. This study identifies a  bidirectional Granger causality between online and offline  Sinophobia during the COVID-19 pandemic: anti-Asian hate  crimes Granger-cause Google searches for Sinophobic terms,  and conversely, these searches Granger-cause offline hate  crimes, with a lag of two weeks. Additionally, it confirms  a reinforcing dynamic between implicit and explicit online  Sinophobia: the volume and intensity of anti-Chinese  comments on YouTube news videos lead to increased Google  searches for Sinophobic terms, and vice versa, with this  effect observable over a ten-week lag. Furthermore, when  accounting for confirmed infection cases, online Sinophobia  is positively correlated with offline Sinophobia. These  findings contribute to the existing literature on the  relationship between online racist sentiment and real-life  racial violence amidst this global crisis.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/11803},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.6082/uchicago.11803},
}