@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {11625},
      author = {Li, Yuanshen and Lindberg, Ryan and Kim, Kwang-Je},
      title = {Transverse gradient undulator in a storage ring x-ray free  electron laser oscillator},
      journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
      address = {2023-03-08},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {Modern electron storage rings produce bright x rays via  spontaneous synchrotron emission, which is useful for a  variety of scientific applications. The x-ray free-electron  laser oscillator (XFELO) has the potential to amplify this  output, both in terms of peak power and photon coherence.  However, even current fourth generation storage rings  (4GSRs) lack the requisite electron beam brightness to  drive the XFELO due to its electron energy spread. The  transverse gradient undulator (TGU) can overcome this  issue, thus providing a practical means to couple the 4GSR  to the XFELO. In this study, we first examine the  theoretical basis of the TGU interaction by deriving the 3D  TGU gain formula in the low gain approximation. Then, we  perform an optimization study of the gain formula in order  to determine optimal beam and machine parameters. Finally,  we construct a hypothetical storage ring TGU-XFELO based on  near-optimal parameters and report on its projected  performance using multistage numerical simulation. We also  discuss potential implementation challenges associated with  the ring-FEL coupling.},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/11625},
}