@article{TEXTUAL,
      recid = {10773},
      author = {Im, Heh-In and Nakajima, Akira and Gong, Bo and Xiong,  Xiaoli and Mamiya, Takayoshi and Gershon, Elliot S. and  Zhuo, Min and Tang, Ya-Ping},
      title = {Post-Training Dephosphorylation of eEF-2 Promotes Protein  Synthesis for Memory Consolidation},
      journal = {PLOS ONE},
      address = {2009-10-13},
      number = {TEXTUAL},
      abstract = {<p>Memory consolidation, which converts acquired  information into long-term storage, is new protein  synthesis-dependent. As protein synthesis is a dynamic  process that is under the control of multiple translational  mechanisms, however, it is still elusive how these  mechanisms are recruited in response to learning for memory  consolidation. Here we found that eukaryotic elongation  factor-2 (eEF-2) was dramatically dephosphorylated within  0.5–2 hr in the hippocampus and amygdala of mice following  training in a fear-conditioning test, whereas genome-wide  microarrays did not reveal any significant change in the  expression level of the mRNAs for translational machineries  or their related molecules. Moreover, blockade of NMDA  receptors with MK-801 immediately following the training  significantly impeded both the post-training eEF-2  dephosphorylation and memory retention. Notably, with an  elegant sophisticated transgenic strategy, we demonstrated  that hippocampus-specific overexpression of eEF-2 kinase, a  kinase that specifically phosphorylates and hence  inactivates eEF-2, significantly inhibited protein  synthesis in the hippocampus, and this effects was more  robust during an “ongoing” protein synthesis process. As a  result, late phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) in the  hippocampus and long-term hippocampus-dependent memory in  the mice were significantly impaired, whereas short-term  memory and long-term hippocampus-independent memory  remained intact. These results reveal a novel translational  underpinning for protein synthesis pertinent to memory  consolidation in the mammalian brain.</p>},
      url = {http://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/10773},
}