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000010680 005__ 20250218124717.0
000010680 02470 $$ahttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025498$$2doi
000010680 037__ $$aTEXTUAL
000010680 037__ $$bArticle
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000010680 245__ $$a&lt;i&gt;Prdm9&lt;/i&gt;, a Major Determinant of Meiotic Recombination Hotspots, Is Not Functional in Dogs and Their Wild Relatives, Wolves and Coyotes
000010680 269__ $$a2011-11-10
000010680 336__ $$aArticle
000010680 520__ $$a&lt;p&gt;Meiotic recombination is a fundamental process needed for the correct segregation of chromosomes during meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms. In humans, 80% of crossovers are estimated to occur at specific areas of the genome called recombination hotspots. Recently, a protein called PRDM9 was identified as a major player in determining the location of genome-wide meiotic recombination hotspots in humans and mice. The origin of this protein seems to be ancient in evolutionary time, as reflected by its fairly conserved structure in lineages that diverged over 700 million years ago. Despite its important role, there are many animal groups in which &lt;em&gt;Prdm9&lt;/em&gt; is absent (e.g. birds, reptiles, amphibians, diptera) and it has been suggested to have disruptive mutations and thus to be a pseudogene in dogs. Because of the dog's history through domestication and artificial selection, we wanted to confirm the presence of a disrupted &lt;em&gt;Prdm9&lt;/em&gt; gene in dogs and determine whether this was exclusive of this species or whether it also occurred in its wild ancestor, the wolf, and in a close relative, the coyote. We sequenced the region in the dog genome that aligned to the last exon of the human &lt;em&gt;Prdm9&lt;/em&gt;, containing the entire zinc finger domain, in 4 dogs, 17 wolves and 2 coyotes. Our results show that the three canid species possess mutations that likely make this gene non functional. Because these mutations are shared across the three species, they must have appeared prior to the split of the wolf and the coyote, millions of years ago, and are not related to domestication. In addition, our results suggest that in these three canid species recombination does not occur at hotspots or hotspot location is controlled through a mechanism yet to be determined.&lt;/p&gt;
000010680 536__ $$oPrograma de Captación del Conocimiento para Andalucía
000010680 536__ $$oNational Institutes of Health$$cGM083098
000010680 536__ $$oEuropean Union$$aMarie Curie fellowship
000010680 536__ $$oSpanish National Research Council$$aJAE postdoctoral position
000010680 540__ $$a&lt;p&gt;© 2011 Muñoz-Fuentes et al.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the &lt;a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank"&gt;Creative Commons Attribution License&lt;/a&gt;, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.&lt;/p&gt;
000010680 542__ $$fCC BY
000010680 690__ $$aBiological Sciences Division
000010680 691__ $$aHuman Genetics
000010680 7001_ $$aMuñoz-Fuentes, Violeta$$uUppsala University
000010680 7001_ $$aRienzo, Anna Di$$uUniversity of Chicago
000010680 7001_ $$aVilà, Carles$$uEstación Biológia de Doñana EBD-CSIC
000010680 773__ $$tPLOS ONE
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000010680 8564_ $$yArticle$$9c3eb6565-5f9f-4192-8458-e4ccbe5f9086$$s151716$$uhttps://knowledge.uchicago.edu/record/10680/files/journal.pone.0025498.pdf$$ePublic
000010680 908__ $$aI agree
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000010680 983__ $$aArticle